FORMIC ACID

Chemical Formula: HCOOH
Molecular Weight: 46.03 g/mol

Description:
Formic Acid, also known as Methanoic Acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid. It is a colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor, miscible with water, alcohol, and ether. It occurs naturally in the stings of ants and bees and is widely used in various industries. Formic acid serves as a versatile chemical intermediate, preservative, and reducing agent in dyeing and finishing textiles, as well as in leather and rubber production.

Applications:

  • Textile Industry: Used in dyeing and finishing processes as a reducing and neutralizing agent.

  • Leather Industry: Employed in tanning and pH adjustment for leather processing.

  • Rubber Industry: Acts as a coagulant in natural rubber latex production.

  • Agriculture: Preservative and antibacterial agent in animal feed and silage.

  • Chemical Industry: Intermediate for formate salts, esters, and other organic synthesis applications.

  • Pharmaceuticals: Used in formulations and as a chemical reagent.

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Key Properties:

Property Description
Appearance Clear, colorless liquid
Odor Pungent, penetrating odor
Purity (Assay) 85% / 90% / 99%
Boiling Point 100.8°C
Melting Point 8.4°C
Flash Point 68°C (Closed Cup)
Density (@20°C) ~1.22 g/cm³
Solubility Miscible with water, alcohol, and ether
pH (of 1% soln) Strongly acidic
Stability Stable under normal conditions; decomposes on heating
Grade Industrial / LR / AR
Packaging 35 kg HDPE carboys / 250 kg drums / bulk tankers
Storage Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from heat, oxidizing agents, and strong bases. Keep containers tightly closed. Handle with acid-resistant equipment.